Travelers today are navigating a rapidly evolving legal landscape when it comes to cannabis. While some states welcome adult-use or medical marijuana, federal law still prohibits possession, transport, or use across state and national borders. Understanding where those lines are drawn is essential for anyone hoping to travel responsibly—and legally—with cannabis.
The Legal Landscape: State vs. Federal Authority
Each U.S. state sets its own cannabis rules, but the federal government maintains ultimate control over aviation, customs, and all federal land. Cannabis remains classified as a Schedule I controlled substance under federal law, meaning it cannot legally cross state lines—even between two states where recreational or medical marijuana is legal.
This distinction becomes especially important the moment travelers step into a federal jurisdiction, such as an airport, national park, or international border. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) enforces federal law in airports and is required to refer any discovered cannabis to law enforcement. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) officers follow the same federal mandate, and violations at borders can result in confiscation or even legal penalties.
Hemp-derived CBD is the exception, but even those products must contain no more than 0.3% THC by dry weight and must comply with all state and federal regulations. Mislabeling remains a common issue—creating risk even for consumers who believe their products are fully compliant.
The Do’s: Smart, Legal Travel Practices
Do research destination laws. Cannabis regulations vary widely between states and countries. Some states, like Colorado and California, have clear recreational-use guidelines, while others recognize only medical use or none at all. Always confirm local laws and any visitor reciprocity programs before departing.
Do travel clean when flying. Most airports prohibit cannabis on premises, even if located in a legal state. Many major hubs now provide “amnesty boxes” before security checkpoints, allowing travelers to safely dispose of cannabis before boarding.
Do carry documentation for CBD products. When traveling with hemp-derived CBD, retain the product’s certificate of analysis showing THC content of 0.3% or less. Keep products sealed in original packaging in case of inspection.
Do avoid federal property. National parks, forests, and monuments fall under federal jurisdiction. Cannabis possession or use in these areas can result in fines or arrest, regardless of state law.
The Don’ts: Mistakes That Can Lead to Legal Trouble
Don’t cross state or international borders with marijuana. Federal law prohibits transporting cannabis between jurisdictions, even if both locations have legalized it. Penalties can range from confiscation to criminal charges.
Don’t assume TSA “won’t care.” While TSA focuses on security threats rather than narcotics, agents must contact law enforcement if cannabis is found in luggage. The outcome often depends on local law, but travelers should not take the risk.
Don’t trust labeling blindly. Many CBD products exceed the legal THC limit or are mislabeled. Possession of products testing above 0.3% THC may constitute marijuana possession under federal law.
Don’t consume on federal property. This includes national parks, post offices, courthouses, and most public lands. Federal enforcement is strict even in states with full legalization.
Air and Mail Travel: Key Federal Restrictions
All commercial air travel in the United States is regulated by federal law, which classifies marijuana as illegal contraband. Only hemp products compliant with the 2018 Farm Bill are permitted in limited circumstances. For mail, the U.S. Postal Service allows domestic shipment of hemp-derived CBD if it meets federal requirements, but shipping any THC-containing cannabis product remains illegal.
International Travel: When in Doubt, Leave It Out
Many foreign countries enforce severe penalties for cannabis possession. U.S. travelers cannot bring cannabis into or out of the country, even from nations like Canada where marijuana is legal. Customs authorities strictly enforce import and export prohibitions. Travelers should review each destination’s official guidance before departing and avoid carrying cannabis altogether.